(Art Essay) Honouring the Finnish Wind Witches by Sanna Pöyhönen

Photo by Sanna Pöyhönen

I call this ocarina I made The Wind Witch. In old times when my birth country Finland was big in sail boat manufacturing, each boat had to be equipped with a witch who evoked the wind – otherwise the boat didn’t work. 

The story of the wind witches had a terrible end. In 1621 a witch trial was organised in Vardø (currently in Norway), where 91 women and men were accused and murdered because of causing a sudden storm that had sunk several boats.

According to historical documents, it was widely known that especially in the Northern Finland, and Sami area the witches were powerful and common. Witch hunts were the main reason for destruction of  the animistic shaman culture of my ancestors. Shaman drums and other old music instruments were made illegal, and traditional poem singers were threatened with punishment if they sang stories that were against the monotheistic Christian tradition. 

Nature wisdom and balanced living as part of nature were killed by Christianity to such an extent that I only recently learned that the name of my birth country comes from a word ‘finn’ that means ‘the one who knows’ or ‘‘the one who carries the light’, and it was used for a great witch. It spread as a name also to other parts of Northern Europe and is still in use. The Finnish word for the country is Suomi which might come from the word ‘shaman’. It didn’t suit the agenda of oppressors to keep in people’s mind the mighty origin of their name.

Perhaps the witch murderers got their punishment later. When looking at maps from 1500-century, the Northern coastal line of Scandinavia was a hot spot of trade and travelling. Currently it is mostly quiet wilderness. The capital of Finland and the other big cities Helsinki and Tampere are now in the South, where all the business happens. For building the ocarino’s sound system I got help from Osvaldo Padron who specializes in Pre-Columbian sound sculptures. I’m still practising my skills to add sound in my works – and playing them. I’m fascinated by the idea of combining visual and musical arts in one piece!


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