September 24, 2025September 15, 2025 Mago WorkLeave a comment

(Poem & Photography): Autumn Light by Sara Wright

Where are they?September’s lightilluminates one butterflyin flightBittersweet lossescast slanted shadows,pierce cool nightsmorning mistlifts aslight streamsthrough translucentleavesone acorn falls… autumn’s breatha gift ofprimal scent Where are They?on the Spirit Wingsof Sandhills Read More …

September 23, 2025December 6, 2025 RTM Co-Editor M SaracinoLeave a comment

(Nine Poets Speak) My Body is a Mouth that Says by Louisa Calio

[Editors’ Note: Learn about how the “Nine Poets Speak” series came to be in place here.] Photo of Louisa Calio by Sylvin Nesbit Too long has the longing of the body Read More …

September 22, 2025September 8, 2025 Mago WorkLeave a comment

(Essay 12) Mago Halmi (Great Mother) Shapes Topographies with Her Skirt: An Introductory Discussion by Helen Hye-Sook Hwang

[Author’s Note: This essay was included in the journal, S/HE: An International Journal of Goddess Studies (Vol 3 No 1, 2024). Footnotes numbers here differ from those of the original Read More …

September 20, 2025September 21, 2025 Mago Work1 Comment

(Meet Mago Contributor) Sanna Pöyhönen

I’m an artist, mathematician, ceramicist, artificial intelligence specialist, doctor of science, researcher, fungi enthusiast, traveller, teacher, small entrepreneur – so many tags on me that I don’t even like to Read More …

September 19, 2025August 8, 2025 RTM Co-Editor M SaracinoLeave a comment

(Poem) Women, Rise Up! by Mary Saracino

Carving of Amazon Warriors on a wall in a restaurant in Sicily 2001; photo by Mary Saracino Unshackle your hearts Claim your power Undo your amnesia Embrace your sovereignty Recover Read More …

September 18, 2025December 6, 2025 RTM Co-Editor M Saracino1 Comment

(Nine Poets Speak) The Black Madonna of Tindari by Maria Famà

[Editors’ Note: Learn about how the “Nine Poets Speak” series came to be in place here.] The Black Madonna of Tindari in Sicily took gentle vengeance on a woman who came Read More …

September 11, 2025December 6, 2025 RTM Co-Editor M SaracinoLeave a comment

(Nine Poets Speak) There Will Always Exist Vibrations by Janet Rudolph

[Editors’ Note: Learn about how the “Nine Poets Speak” series came to be in place here.] There Will Always Exist Vibrations! This poem is from my memoir, Desperately Seeking Persephone. For Read More …

September 10, 2025September 7, 2025 ANewvineLeave a comment

(Music) Gentle Rebel ~ Songs for the Resistance by Alison Newvine

Recently, I’ve been finding refuge and inspiration in the protest songs of the 60s, 70s and beyond. The spirit of resistance and the impassioned prayers for justice and kindness that Read More …

September 9, 2025December 6, 2025 RTM Co-Editor M SaracinoLeave a comment

(Nine Poets Speak) Vision Lost, Vision Restored by Harriet Ann Ellenberger

[Editors’ Note: Learn about how the “Nine Poets Speak” series came to be in place here.] Photo by Zenad Rafel on Unsplash After a great loss, healing is a surprise. When Read More …

September 8, 2025September 3, 2025 Mago WorkLeave a comment

Emergence – Miracle Birth by Sara Wright

When my ‘good neighbor’ sent me the photo yesterday morning I could see the outlines of the butterfly, so my little dog Coal and I walked up to see for Read More …

September 4, 2025December 6, 2025 RTM Co-Editor M SaracinoLeave a comment

(Nine Poets Speak) A Woman’s Sword by Arlene Bailey

[Editors’ Note: Learn about how the “Nine Poets Speak” series came to be in place here.] Art, Jane Starr Weils, https://www.etsy.com/shop/JaneStarrWeils… When the world seems completely mad and I question my Read More …

September 3, 2025September 8, 2025 Mago WorkLeave a comment

(Art Essay) Feminism, Fiber And Cotton Riots Are In My Blood by Claire Dorey

“I’m pulling at the thread of my own tapestry.” “I’m pulling the thread that binds so I can unravel my own history.” There is a rumor there was a suffragette Read More …

September 2, 2025September 2, 2025 RTM Co-Editor M SaracinoLeave a comment

Lake Pergusa as the voice of the Sacred Female in the novel, The Singing of Swans by Mary Saracino

In 2001, I had the privilege of traveling to Sicily as part of the Dark Mother Study Tour led by Lucia Chiavola Birnbaum. The trip transformed my life. Lucia guided Read More …

(Nine-Sister-Networks News-Update) #2 February 2026

Submit your update to be included in the forthcoming News Update by the 15th here. Music of CreationS/HE Online Conference ASWMHarita MeeneeMotherlines Mago AcademyJoanna KujawaS/HE: An International Journal of Goddess Studies [Editorial: Return to Mago E-Magazine (RTME)’s News Update begins to promote networks among organizational representatives and individuals under the rubric of Nine-Sister Networks in an effort to kindle the spirit of Matriversal Feminism, formerly called Goddess Feminist Activist Spirituality. We begin with the updates by RTME contributors and hope to invite non-RTME individuals. If you are interested in joining us, see here (Invitation to join RTME’s News-Update).] Kaalii CargillFormerly Kairos Centre Melbourne Australiakaalii.cargill@gmail.comStory: I am currently focused on coparenting my 7 year old grandson Charlie. My daughter died 3 years ago, and I have become “NonnaMama” as Charlie would say. I am also recently a great grandmother, so the mother function continues to shape my life. I also tend my large garden, paint murals, and grieve the ongoing lack of nurture in the patriarchal world. I sometimes hear from people who have read my books and am pleased that Her story reaches others through my work. Nane JordanMago Academy, Creatrix StudiesCourse: Thealogies of birth explores the birthing-potentiality of the divine female/feminine and Great Mother in connection to women’s birth-giving power. Reflecting on thea-logy, as in study of Goddess, through an embodied, eco-spiritual feminist lens that holds birth, those who give it, and all being born as sacred, we inquire into matricentric (mother-centred) understandings of birth and qualities of experience. Weaving meaning with Earth-honouring thea-perspectives, we explore interconnecting threads of goddesses and mothers—write large and small—at the centre of birthing agency, care, and spirituality, and potentials of such in our lives. (Continue to read for course summary.) Registration $50 here. https://www.magoacademy.org/2025/12/28/registration-open-creatrix-and-mothers-thealogies-of-birth/.Joanna Kujawa, Ph.D.Senior Lecturer and Subject Coordinatorjoanna@joannakujawa.comBooks: DR. JOANNA KUJAWA is a scholar, spiritual detective, and the author of Alien Goddess: UFOs, AI, and the Goddesses of Ascension and The Other Goddess: Mary Magdalene and the Goddesses of Eros and Secret Knowledge. She received her BA and MA from the Pontifical Institute for Medieval Studies at the University of Toronto, Canada, and her PhD from Monash University, Melbourne, Australia. As a tenured academic for over 20 years, she uses her scholarly training to investigate topics other academics often pass over such as what is the nature of UFO experiences? Is there a connection between AI, UFO, and the esoteric Goddess Traditions of Inanna, the Eleusinian Mysteries, The Gospel of Mary Magdalene, and the Pistis Sophia? Her book, The Other Goddess, is also available in Complex Chinese. She is a regular guest on many popular shows and is featured on Season 4 of the acclaimed Magical Egypt series. Apart from her writings for academic publications on spiritual travel, Joanna has also had her short stories and essays published through various media and in many prestigious anthologies, including Best Australian Stories, the Australian Broadcasting Corporation. For more information, please go to www.joannakujawa.com Her new book: Alien Goddess: UFOs, AI, and the Goddesses of Ascension: https://amzn.to/4mJ8hGaGlenys LivingstonePaGaian Cosmology pagaian@bigpond.net.au Story: My monthly contribution to Return to Mago E-Magazine was published: it was a video and story, Imbolc/Early Spring Goddess Slideshow https://www.magoism.net/?s=Imbolc+Goddess+Slideshow. I enjoyed a Zoom meeting with Southern Hemisphere PaGaian Cosmology students, who have engaged enthusiastically in the process of the Seasonal year, and material supplied; the Southern Hemisphere year’s cycle is nearing completion with the Autumn here now, and thus beginning again. New students have begun to sign up for the new Southern Hemisphere cycle 2026-2027 https://pagaian.org/celebrating-cosmogenesis-in-seasonal-wheel-on-line/ Upon invitation, I participated in an on-line conversation with an Australian Pagan Feminist group about PaGaian Cosmology, and with particular interest the group had in the Cosmic Triplicity, commonly named as the Triple Goddess.Harita Meeneeauthor@hmeenee.comBook: Harita Meenee is a Greek independent scholar of classical studies and women’s history, as well as a writer, editor, translator, artist, and activist. She has presented cultural television programs and lectured at universities in Greece and the United States. She is the author of five books and numerous articles and essays published in Greek and international anthologies and magazines. Her first poetry collection, Partner in Dream, is forthcoming in Greek in September 2026.Website: www.hmeenee.comFacebook: www.facebook.com/HaritaMeeneeAuthor/Tina Minkowitztminkowitz@earthlink.netStory: In 2024, Tina received the “Ketil Njaa Solberg Human Rights Award for the fight against violations, abuse and coercion in mental health care” from the ReDo Human Rights Foundation. She has a particular interest in a reparations approach to deinstitutionalization, and the reimagining of crisis and support needs outside of mental health discourse and practices. She prioritizes the abolition of forced psychiatry and seeks healing and justice for psychiatric violence. Her work also addresses criminal justice system reform and alternatives, the rights of older persons, and women’s human rights. See also https://uio.academia.edu/TinaMinkowitz and reimaginingcrisissupport.org.Glen Rogersglen@glenrogersart.com Book: Glen Rogers is an internationally exhibited painter, printmaker, sculptor who lives in San Miguel de Allende, Mexico. She teaches Monoprint Workshops and lectures on the Sacred Feminine, a focus of her artwork. She’ll be offering a workshop, Making Magic with Monotype Printing:Journey to the Sacred Feminine Through Divine Creativityin Southwest France in September. Publications include Symbols of the Spirit: A Meditative Journey Through Art, and oracle decks: Spirit Cards and Sacred Feminine Wisdom. In 2026 she was a guest on the podcasts: The Oracle of Luna and the Dale Allen Podcast. www.glenrogersart.com FB and Instagram: GlenRogersArtSuzanne Roupas The Association for the Study of Women and Mythology Secretary@womenandmyth.orgEvent: Reimagining Goddess Scholarship: At the Edges of Sacred Knowledge. An online symposium presented by The Association for the Study of Women and Mythology Sunday, May 3 2026. This symposium is a conversation that focuses closely on the question of “Who holds/gives voice to sacred knowledge?” A spacious schedule allows us to create dialogues among speakers and members. Our program features three panels on issues that we are often asked to consider. In this online format we are able to feature panelists from a wide range of disciplines and locations. Our featured speaker, Dr. Apela Colorado, Director of the Worldwide Indigenous Sciences Network, will respond to panelists’ work, adding important context and exploring the spaces between Western and Indigenous knowledge. Registration is open – learn more at https://womenandmyth.org/events.Janet RudolphJandelion@aol.comBook: The Music of …
(Commemorating Mary Daly 5) My Memoirs of Mary Daly (1928-2010) by Helen Hye-Sook Hwang

[Author’s Note: My personal encounter with Mary Daly, a U.S. post-Christian feminist thinker, goes back to 1994, if not earlier. I stayed in Korea from 1994-1997 during which I translated two of Mary Daly’s early books, Beyond God the Father: Toward a Philosophy of Women’s Liberation 하나님 아버지를 넘어서 (Seoul: Ewha Women’s University Press, 1996) and Church and the Second Sex 교회와 제 2의 성 (Seoul: Women’s News Press, 1997) in Korean. I carried with me to the U.S.A. our correspondences in the form of letters and documents mostly faxed to each other for the period of more than two decades. Later at one point I digitized them in images. Through these memoir series, I share some highlights of my memories with Mary Daly, her influence on my feminist thinking, and my own radical feminist journey to Magoist Cetaceanism.] I am back-tracking her letters earlier than the one (September 23, 1996) that I previously shared (see Part 4). Below is Mary’s FAXed letter on September 10, 1996. In the first paragraph, she says that she was sending along the German contract that she used for her book, Outercourse, to give me an idea about the contract that I or the publisher (Ewha Women’s University Press) would be using. However, she did not know that I had already mailed my own contract to her. Apparently, she did not receive it yet. The following day, September 11, Mary FAXed me her brief letter acknowledging not only that she received it but also that she had sent her German contract without knowing, which I shared at the end. This indicates that Mary and I exchanged accurate and comprehensive communications. The next paragraph of her letter is a response to my questions concerning my translation of Beyond God the Father (BGTF). I had asked her about two terms, Redstockings and entelechy. As I reread this letter shown below, I re-realize the depth of our connections. We both knew making money was no primary concern for my translation projects. And she says: I don’t think it would be realistic to be too concerned about making money in this case. The point would be to get the word out in Korea. For me, there were other reasons why I chose to translate her books. Getting the word out to Korean women was one reason. I wanted to introduce Mary Daly’s Radical Feminist Thought to Korean feminists. Because I did not have any direct contact with Korean feminists at that time in particular, however, I had no idea who would read and cherish them. Then, what are other reasons for my translation of her books? I did it for myself, for Korean feminists, and for Mary. This tripartite purpose was, like the three legs of a tripod, equally important for me. I wanted to learn more about her feminist thoughts and the English language. I learned the written English language by reading and translating Mary Daly’s books. However it would have been, I trusted that my translation of her books would help her. Our friendship thereafter throughout the years proved so. I wasn’t aware at this point, however, what Mary had gone through in terms of “accusations of racism and scapegoating of Feminists” in the late 1970s and the 1980s [See Gina Messina, “Mary Daly’s Letter to Audre Lorde” in Feminism and Religion (October 5, 2011). https://feminismandreligion.com/2011/10/05/mary-dalys-letter-to-audre-lorde/.] that she mentioned in this letter. She writes: About the horrors of white western society, I agree completely. Within this context, not only racism itself but accusations of racism and scapegoating of Feminists have been used to kill the Feminist movement. Old stuff–divide and conquer! And the women do it to each other. The fact that I was neither a white woman nor a black woman shielded me from the whirl of the racial division in the U.S. and the world as a whole even about 2 decades later. Mary was definitely triggered in her wounds by my arrival to her world. Respectfully, she took my arrival positively and did not drag me into the abyss of feminist patriarchal-behaviors. On a few occasions, I broached up the topic of “Third World Feminism” in our conversations in the forthcoming years. On a couple of phone conversations, Mary reacted so bitterly and strongly that her acute pain flew and landed on my heart (in the late 1990s and the early 2000s). Nonetheless, I kept my neutral position on this topic throughout the years. It was neither my immediate concern nor my direct experience. I came to Mary Daly not because I shared some immediate similarities with her or her friends. I was a Korean native and did not share U.S. identity. She had an understanding that I had a cross-cultural experience of living, studying and working in Korea, the U.S. and the Philippines, which was central in my formation of a (feminist) personhood. Mary emphasized me, when it comes to “the experience of isolation.” My experience was a different one but we both knew what that was like. The more I got to know her on a personal level, the more clearly I sensed the degree of her experience of being isolated. It came from her Western culture and upbringing in my humble opinion. What disillusioned me was not just Christianity, my religion from age 18 to 32, but also white western culture. Mary phrased it as “the horrors of white western society,” but what I meant is white western culture per se. I was so tired of dualism grounded in the very thinking of people in the West. I must have asked Mary that I was seeking a graduate school in the U.S. for me to study post-Christian feminism. At this time, my plan to enroll in a graduate school in Los Angeles, California, proved to be a failure due to the school’s misguidance of my process. So I confided in Mary about my need of finding a school in which I could study radical feminist theology and ultimately East Asian/Korean religions. Mary was mentioning …
(Film Review) Whale Rider: A 21st Century Classic Film by Dr. Lila Moore

[Reviewer’s Introduction: Since its release in 2002, the film Whale Rider, directed by Niki Caro, has become one of the milestones of mainstream films made by women about women or girls. It is now in the curriculum of most media or film courses about gender-related issues or gender studies in general. The photo below was taken recently at the BFI, the British Film Institute at the Southbank in London. It shows a display of classic women’s films, including Whale Rider, and my all-time favourite, the films of Maya Deren on which I currently write a monograph. In 2004 I wrote a review about Whale Rider that was published in the Journal of Religion and Film, Vol. 8, No. 1 April 2004, and which I wish to share with you here. I watch the film and discuss it with my students every year in the course on Film, Religion and Contemporary Spiritualities. It’s a 21st century classic. In fact, Niki Caro stated that it was impossible to make such a film beforehand. Apparently, it was considered too radical to produce.] Whale Rider Film Review Whale Rider is a contemporary fairy-tale that celebrates our spiritual bond with the natural environment and in particular the ocean and its quasi-mythic creatures, the whales. Based on a Maori legend, the film transcends local space and time and evokes concerns as to the human relationship with the natural world and the vital role of women in spiritual traditions, depicted through the story of the eleven-year-old heroine, Pai (Keisha Castle-Hughes). Taking place within the heart of a Maori tribe, the tale was filmed on authentic tribal property in Whangara on the east coast of New Zealand’s North Island, with the participation of Ngati Konohi elders and tribe members. Director and screenwriter, Niki Caro, who lived with the tribe prior to filming, created a respectful and exuberant depiction of a unique story and people. From the very beginning we are immersed in Pai’s world, enticed by her child-like realm, her active imagination and ageless wisdom that appear to correspond with the call of ancient whales that eventually draws her to fulfil her destiny. Pai’s destiny, though, is rooted in conflict and demands intuitive wisdom, visionary actions, and bravery of spirit to be accomplished. Pai’s mother and twin brother died during childbirth and her father, the heir to the leader of a Maori tribe, named his daughter after Paikea, the legendary ancestor who reached New Zealand on the back of a whale. Having left the community in grief and feeling unable to provide a son to continue the succession of chiefs, Pai’s father starts a new life pursuing a career in the fine arts in Germany. Pai is entrusted to the loving care of her grandparents, and although a special bond is formed between Pai and her grandfather Pako, he watches her enthusiastic interest in the traditional ways with growing anxiety. Pako’s goal is to preserve the tribe’s succession and appoint a male leader to replace him in time. However, Pako has to struggle to keep the tradition alive. A spiritual and social crisis along with the disintegration of the community is inevitable with no one to succeed him. Trying to revive the ancient lore, Pako opens a school where he instructs the local boys with the native teachings of martial arts. Girls and women are forbidden access to the school, but Pai, stirred by irresistible force, breaks the ultimate taboo in her frequent attempts to participate in classes intended for male warriors. Meanwhile, Pako’s boys all fail to pass the final test and the old man’s hope to find a new leader weakens. Pai’s grandmother protects the rebellious girl, and recognizes her inborn affinity with the ancient myths. A beautiful scene depicting the wise woman and the girl sitting with their gaze fixed on the ocean, lit by the radiance of the full moon, recalls the mysteries of women’s spirituality, reflecting the special bond that women have with the sea and the moon. Later, when Pai calls the whales to help her despondent grandfather and the tribe, they hear her. Throughout the film, the ocean is an animated entity shimmering in rich shades of blue, turquoise and grey, reflecting the sky, the sunlight, and the moonlight, a mediating body connecting the people with their spiritual origins. The ocean and the whales seem to embody the fusion of nature and spirit, so when a group of whales is washed to the shore their destiny is metaphorically linked with the survival of the tribe. The rigidity of the male-dominated tradition tears the tribe apart. Pako, although helped by his people, is unable to save the whales. The revered creatures, the tribe’s mythic lifeline, are mourned. No one dares to envision what is to come. Luxurious underwater photography enhanced by digital effects and models coupled by the energising rhythms of performance, sound and editing illustrate Pai’s transformation into a whale rider. Her body acts together with the ancient creature, her soul communicates with the creature’s awareness. She awakens the dying whale, riding on its back and guiding the herd back to the depths of the ocean. Pai entrusts her fate to the ocean, unafraid of death and guided by an insight and instinct beyond time. The ocean and the whales respond, bringing Pai back to the shore with the tide. A new Leader has been born and a brand new era begins. Whale Rider delivers a powerful message of hope, and watching the film could become a healing experience. It is a rare cinematic vision giving an expression to the creative potential of the female spirit. (Meet Mago Contributor) Dr. Lila Moore
(Art & Poem) Candelmas/Imbolc by Sudie Rakusin & Annie Finch

IMBOLC DANCE From the east she has gathered like wishes. She has woven a night into dawn. We are quickening ivy. We grow where her warmth melts out over the ice. Now spiral south bends into flame to push the morning over doors. The light swings wide, green with the pulse of seasons, and we let her in We are quickening ivy. We grow The light swings wide, green with the pulse till the west is rocked by darkness pulled from where the fire rises. Shortened time’s reflecting water rakes her through the thickened cold. Hands cover north smooth with emptiness, stinging the mill of night’s hours. Wait with me. See, she comes circling over the listening snow to us. Shortened time’s reflecting water Wait with me. See, she comes circling From Calendars (Tupelo Press, 2003) Art is included in Celebrating Seasons of the Goddess (Mago Books, 2017). (Meet Mago Contributor) Sudie Rakusin (Meet Mago Contributor) Annie Finch
(Essay 4) Future of Identity: Reclaiming the Northern Pagan Tradition by Jillian Burnett

Art by Jillian Burnett Relation to the Land This organic movement shines a little light on the northern pagan value of hirð—those close to the household. Northern pagans had a close relationship to the land; self-sustaining homesteads were how their society was arranged. Today’s farm-to-table trend is a slightly wider interpretation of this same sentiment. Management of crop-recourses from the soil to the dinner plate, are locally sourced from farms closer than an hours’ distance. Modern fine-dining, farm-to-table remains an example of northern pagan cultural continuity. The local food movement has also risen in popularity, as both the carbon footprint and petroleum dependency see reduction. The local food trend supports the small farmstead, instead of mega-corporations that own majority stake in land or growing rights. Not only is this movement aligned with supporting smaller communities, but the regenerative and sustainable farming practices support agricultural that doesn’t deplete the land. Additionally, the assets are kept within families—not owned by firms on wall street, or individual investors holding farmland securities. This avenue of farm to table is also more aligned with the northern pagan value of living in equilibrium nature and with landvættir; spirits of the natural environment. The practice of respecting nature also is reciprocal, as dutiful wardens of the organic world are in relationship with spirit. This philosophy holds an underlying presumption that nature is alive; it is no dead thing to carelessly harvest and decimate. The tribe gathers and shares food and song, making offering of meat and drink and smoke to land spirits. Folk care for crops and invoke the gods for a good yield—ritualing for fine yields to better feed the folk for another season. In this way the direct experience of guardianship and kinship with the realm of spirit translate into styles of organic consumption. Folk reject big box groceries in lieu of open air farmer’s markets. If this trend strengthens, this can cause changes the marketplace for mega-corporations who participate in the agriculture industrial complex. If massive changes ensue, there can be a slight destabilization in hierarchical power as the folk retake the means of food production from the 1%. More likely however, is that a compromise would be reached, as the urbanization of most of the modern world precludes the amount of viable land and green from sustaining large populations. Some cities transform rooftops to gardens however, in an effort to reduce their carbon footprint and go green. In some urban warehouses, entire city blocks are converted to hydroponic vegetable gardens. It may be a long time before people are self-sustaining, but each backyard tomato garden brings us one step closer to a greener world. With the growth of these green trends other industries are affected. Electric cars are more commonly seen on the road, with a trillion dollar valuation for Tesla testifing to this trend. Petroleum—gasoline and diesel consumption may see a decline in market size. It is also possible that more green technologies can arise as capital can be redeployed in the best way. Some pagans are concerned with green technology and water conservation; focusing on cleaner riverways and beaches. Conservationists have changed maps. In the US in New York State for example, fracking is banned; in the adjacent state of Connecticut, transporting frack liquid is banned to ensure no spillage, leakage or surface contamination. Other states without strong lobbies are not so lucky; their waterways may be polluted. Clean eating, and diets like whole thirst engage pagans to go green as a food-lifestyle choice. Also surging in popularity are impossible meats and vegetarian dieting. As these trends gain momentum, demands at the marketplace change. Less consumption of meat, effects less breeding of livestock for slaughter, as cows have an RFID tag. Less demand for meat may change the outlook for the menus of restaurants and will trigger inventories to date and change as the marketplace adjusts their supply. Corn fields grown for pork feed can be reallocated to be used for corn-syrup, ethanol production, or perhaps the fields can grow other vegetables altogether, using less water per calorie consumed in the growing space. Less cholesterol and animal fats could even change the number one cause of death which is cardiovascular disease—should people adapt a plant-based lifestyle. Should that societal change happen to the pharmaceutical industrial complex—all the billion dollar financial firms that are shareholders in those industries would see some decapitalization. Small changes can have large long term effects; this is the law of chaos. Right now in Portugal deforestation due to lithium mining has depleted rural areas. Pressures from environmentally focused lobbyists have encouraged governance to reforest. This restoration of degraded land is reviving the local environs in many ways. It can serve to refresh water filtration, rejuvenate the natural carbon sink, renew air purification as well as revive the natural habitats for various fauna and animalia. Arid lands tend to face more soil erosion and this water and soil regulation through a solid tree line with strong root systems can serve in diverse ways. Mankind’s needs however do not always correspond to the idealism of pure environmentalism as the pagan worldview establishes. The afforestation endeavor in Portugal’s rural areas is an industrial investment opportunity. By no means is this reforestation an expression of druidic spirituality or of environmentalist planning. Agribusiness is engaging the planting of Australian eucalyptus which outcompetes native plant life as invasive species. The eucalyptus is a primary benefit for the paper industry there; as such, it is an economic input to the commercial process and mass-production of paper fabrication. It is a small win for locals, who have seen their locality endure mountaintop removal and logging of trees, until their hillsides were bare. This has historically only enabled brush fires. The arid air and environment allows no moisture to be locked into the land, as already it has low water tables with dehydrated soil. Eucalyptus plantations are a small reprieve from barren dirt; at the very least the sight of green may uplift the hearts …
(Video) The Mago Work by Mago Sisters by Helen Hye-Sook Hwang

https://www.youtube.com/watch?list=PL-hbgxa5v1IfUM6h6PvOTpLe8fLv5ExRG&v=HUM6EQ7sEaQ
(Prose)The Goddess As All of Creation by Deanne Quarrie

The Goddess is the “All of Creation.” She is the Creatress and the Created. She is the life force of all there is. She is one, whole, and complete. Before Her, nothing was. She arose from the Great Void, the source of all potential, giving birth to Herself before anything else had ever been born. She separated the sky and the water and She danced. In the ecstasy of Her Dance She conceived of all there is. In every culture, in every part of the world, the Goddess has been revered as the Birth Giver of all Life. From the very beginning of time, in our earliest primitive state, we sought to explain the unexplainable by drawing from what we knew. The female of every species brought forth life; therefore, the Creatrix also had to be Birth Giving Mother and the Great Mother was given Her identity. She has been loved, feared, respected, honored, and glorified in every way imaginable throughout thousands of years of human development. She has been given a “face” for every conceivable aspect of Her nature. She has taken the form of animals, humans, and elemental energies. She has been given associations with plants, colors, sounds, stones, music, and more. For every aspect and every view, She has a face.
(Essay) Cybele, the Patron Deity of Rome by Francesca Tronetti, Ph.D.

Votive relief from the Archaeological Museum of Brauron depicting the taurobolium ritual, Wikipedia Commons Cybele became a vital part of the religious life of everyday Romans. She was integrated into the pantheon of gods and was considered the protectress of the city of Rome to whom she brought peace and plentiful harvest. Her cult was supported not only by the ordinary people but also by the government and enjoyed aristocratic patronage.[1] As Tripolitis explains, “(Cybele’s) cult continued to gain great popularity and spread to every part of the known world…Cybele’s severe and rigorous demands provided a deep religious experience and a psychological exhilaration.”[2] This time was the heyday of the mystery cults of Rome, and Cybele became one of the chief deities. She was called Augusta, the Great One; Alma, the Nourishing One; Sanctissima, the Most Holy One. Roman emperors considered her to be the highest deity of the Empire and Augustus Caesar, the first emperor of Rome, took his title from her epithet. Emperor Julian, who ruled from 361–363 CE, wrote a hymn in which he called her a Virgin, “Wisdom, Providence, Creator of our Souls.”[3] However, as popular as Cybele was, there were still certain Phrygian elements to her cult worship which the Roman authorities could not accept, which led to limited participation in the cult for Roman citizens.[4] The Romans found the extravagance of the ceremonies, the enthusiasm of the Galli[5] to castrate themselves, their hypnotic dances accompanied by loud flutes and the tympanum/timbral[6] which were played as the Galli castrated themselves, to be repugnant.[7] Early on the Roman authorities confined the rites of the Megalensia to the temple on the Palatine Hill, except for the procession and the public games. During this time, Romans were not allowed to participate in the rites, serve as priests/priestesses, play music on the sacred instruments, or join the orgies which included the Galli. This restriction was lifted in the reign of Claudius (41–54 CE).[8] Under Emperor Claudius, the cult acquired a new vigor and became one of the most popular and favored of the foreign cults. By the end of the first century CE the popularity of Cybele’s cult had spread throughout the Roman Empire in the Western world. The restrictions barring Roman citizens from participation in the cult were removed. Roman men and women were then able to take part in the processions, and Roman men could join the Galli.[9] Under Claudius, a new annual cycle of festivals was established. The new festival, held from March 15 through March 27, introduced Attis as the consort of Cybele and raised him to prominence, which he had not previously held until this Roman cult. It is thought that this “new” festival was simply the previous Phrygian festival of Attis which had been forbidden under Roman rule.[10] As with all mystery cults, the specific ritual practices of the Cybelines were not recorded. However, there were numerous references in ancient poems and stories which, when taken together they give us a picture of what the rituals of Cybele in ancient Rome may have entailed. One phrase continually reappeared in Latin, Greek, and Phrygian refers to the rite called the taurobolium. A Cybeline priestess says this phrase “I have eaten out of the drum: I have drunk out of the cymbal: I have carried the Kernos[11]: I have entered (stole into) the bridal chamber.”[12] Another version more specific to the Galli is “I have eaten from the drum: I have drunk out of the cymbal: I have become a mystic votary of Attis.”[13] In the taurobolium the novitiate, after having eaten and drunk, goes to a chamber underneath the ritual area and stands under a grating. A bull is led in and stands on the grating, it is then stabbed to death with a sacred spear, and the initiate is washed and reborn from the blood.[14] Cybele was not the only foreign goddess worshiped freely during this time. Roman and Greek Gods and Goddesses, the Egyptian Isis, the Hebrew YHWH, the more recent cult of Mithras, all flourished in a Rome, which rejoiced in its polytheism and religious freedom. This freedom of religion was to change with the rise of the cult of Christ and their insistence that their God was the only God and to allow the worship of any other deity was blasphemous and an abomination. (To be continued) (Meet Mago Contributor) Francesca Tronetti [1] Triplolitis, Religions of the Hellenistic-Roman Age, 33. [2] Ibid., 36. [3] Gadon, The Once and Future Goddess, 197. [4] Tripolitis, Religions of the Hellenistic-Roman Age, 33. [5] The eunuch priest/priestesses of Cybele. Some scholars believe that at least some of the Galli were transsexual or transgendered since they dressed and lived as women after their castration. [6] Drums. [7] Tripolitis, Religions of the Hellenistic-Roman Age, 33. [8] Ibid., 33. [9] Ibid., 33. [10] Ibid., 34. [11] An earthenware vessel, associated with the mystery cults, with one or more small cups holding offerings attached to a circular stand. [12] Clement of Alexandria, Exhortation to the Greeks. [13] Firmicus Maternus, “Error of the Pagan Religions.” [14] Prudentius, “Peristephanonx, 1011–50,” 96–97.
(Essay) Blood & Honey: The Secret Hertory of Women by Danica Anderson, Ph.D.

Note the coin necklace– it is the dowry of gold or silver coins called ducats. However, before the Roman ducats (Latin for silver money), it was the dinars, a currency used in former Yugoslavia. Dinars before the silver or gold money refers to the Dinaric Mts in the former Yugoslav region. The Dinars on her necklace represented not her dowry but that the Moist Earth Earth’s wealth and awe of her capacity to create culture and life-pregnancy/childern. The dinar necklace in the circleor the round dance was the musical instrument accenuating her dance movements in rhythm with the Moist Mother Earth. Additionally, the sound of women in a circle – kolo with their necklaces signified the homestatis -balance in the social collective. We can see the patriachal dominace enter in with the use of the ducats and the coined necklace was to signify her dowry. “Origins of Yugoslavia South Slavs had migrated to South East … The Serbian Dinar, which was in use from 1868, continued to be used in … a fixed exchange rate but the Ducat was approximately 100 Dinara in 1931.” (Meet Mago Contributor) Danica Anderson, Ph.D. Dr. Danica Andersonwww.kolocollaboration.org

(Special post) The Goddess Inanna: Her Allies and Opponents by Hearth Moon Rising

Inanna’s Descent to the Underworld is one of the most fascinating myths ever told. Not just because it is profound and enlightening, although it is certainly that. It’s an exciting journey that ignites the imagination, and female characters are at the hub of the action. This is a tale of power: power that is demanded, power that is won, power that is appropriated, and power that cannot be escaped. The story follows the fertility goddess Inanna, who brought civilization to Mesopotamia, as she seeks to expand her realm by venturing into the world below. Inanna’s experiences in the great below, her escape, and the wild events that unfold as a result of her caper are the focus of the tale.
(Special Post 7) Why Goddess Feminism, Activism, and Spirituality?

[Editor’s Note: This was first proposed in The Mago Circle, Facebook Group, on March 6, 2014. We have our voices together below and publish them in sequels. Special thanks to Trista Hendren, founder and author of The Girl God, who passionately and painstakingly promotes the message of each contributor via Facebook’s memes. Without Trista’s devotion to the advocacy, this collective effort would not have continued. It is an ongoing project and we encourage our reader to join us! Submit yours today to Helen Hwang (magoism@gmail.com). Or visit and contact someone in Return to Mago’s Partner Organizations.] Kaalii Cargill: Life emerges from the Feminine: Woman, Nature, Goddess. When we value the life-giving power of the Feminine we are less likely to kill other human beings who have been held in a mother’s arms.
(Special Post 1) Nine-Headed Dragon Slain by Patriarchal Heroes: A Cross-cultural Discussion by Mago Circle Members

[Editor’s Note: This and the ensuing eight sequels (all nine parts) are a revised version of the discussion that has taken place in The Mago Circle, Facebook group, since September 24, 2017 to the present. Themes are introduced and interwoven in a somewhat random manner, as different discussants lead the discussion. The topic of the number nine is key to Magoism, primarily manifested as Nine Magos or the Nine Mago Creatrix. Mago Academy hosts a virtual and actual event, Nine Day Mago Celebration, annually.] Helen Hwang: I am thinking of the Nine Goddess/Mago Symbolism or Nine Numerology. Insights connect the data that I have collected, otherwise seemingly unrelated across cultures and periods. We have reasons to celebrate the nine symbolism among us. As seen in this discussion below, Hercules is most aptly equated with Huangdi (Yellow Emperor, 2698–2598 BCE), one of the forebear emperors of ancient China, who is alleged to have defeated Chiu (successor of Goma), the representative of Danguk’s Nine Giants (nine sub-states). The Magoist history writes the other way around. Chiu won the war, the archetypal international/global war waged over the defense/overthrow of the Magoist throne. Old Magoists (Danguk founded by Goma) of Nine Queen-led States defended the rebellion of the patrilocal force, represented by the Huangdi. With this victory, Old Magoist Confederacy of nine sub-states was able to maintain gynocentric peace of the ancient world for about five centuries longer until a man, Yao, rose to give a way for the establishment of the first patriarchal rule, ancient China of the Xia Dynasty (c. 2070 BCE – c. 1600 BCE). Nonetheless, patriarchal ethnocentric Sinocentric historiography has proliferated to this day. Yu, the founder of the Xia dynasty, is depicted as the hero who slains the nine-headed snake. What I am saying is here that the Nine Goddess/Symbolism is pre-patriarchal in origin and possibly speaks of the same event across cultures! The slain of nine-headed snakes or dragons indicates the usurpation of gynocentric rule by a patriarchal hero across cultures. Let me show you some available information and images to open the discussion. Lernaean Hydra 1 oz Copper | The 12 Labors of Hercules “Hercules was sent to slay the Lernaean Hyrda for his second Labor. The multi-headed, snake-like monster was defeated by Hercules after he sliced its one mortal head. The last day to purchase the 1 oz Copper Lernaean Hyrda was the November 12, 2014. There is, however, time to order the 5 oz Copper Hercules Round, and 5 oz Silver Hercules Round. To read about Hercules and his 12 Labors, check out our blog for more information. If you enjoy the 12 Labors of Hercules coin series, take a look at more Silver and Copper coin collections offered by Provident Metals. After defeating the Nemean Lion, Hercules was sent to slay the Lernaean Hydra for his second labor. The Hydra, a snake-like beast with multiple heads, was raised by Hera to destroy Hercules — making this an inevitable match up. In the face-off between Hercules and Hydra, the son of Zeus used a sword to slice off each of the creature’s necks, according to one popular tale. When the heads grew back, Hercules enlisted his nephew to burn each of the necks to halt regrowth. The Hydra had one mortal head, however; so Hercules used his golden sword to slay the mutant and complete his second labor. The beast is displayed on the Second Labor coin, to be released in the 12 Labors of Hercules Series. The reverse features the multi-headed Hydra in a striking position, displaying the daunting task Hercules faced. LERNAEAN HYDRA and II are inscribed. The familiar obverse portraying Hercules with the Nemean Lion draped over his head as armor is shown on this round, as it will be on each round in the powerful series. “1 oz CMXCIX (999 in Roman numerals) FINE COPPER” is also displayed. The 1 oz. Copper Lernaean Hydra rounds will only be available for one month from Oct. 12 through Nov. 12. Make sure to keep your 12 Labors of Hercules Series collection current before time runs out! 12 Labors of Hercules Driven crazy by Hera, Hercules slew his family — only regretful after recovering his sanity. King Thespius purified the son of Zeus, but to atone for his crimes, he was sent to serve King Eurystheus. Eurystheus ordered Hercules to execute 10 Labors, which were a series of tasks carried out as penance for his actions. Hercules successfully completed all 10, but because his nephew helped with one and he planned to accept payment for another, Eurystheus forced Hercules to finish two more Labors alone. Hercules’ Labors adhere to the traditional order of the Bibliotheca: Nemean Lion – Sept. 12, 2014 Lernaean Hydra – Oct. 12, 2014 Ceryneian Hind – Nov. 12, 2014 Erymanthian Boar – Dec. 12, 2014 Augean Stables – Jan. 12, 2015 Stymphalian Birds – Feb. 12, 2015 Cretan Bull – March 12, 2015 Mares of Diomedes – April 12, 2015 Girdle of Hippolyta – May 12, 2015 Cattle of Geryon – June 12, 2015 Apples of Hesperides – July 12, 2015 Cerberus – Aug. 12, 2015 Commemorate the historic battle between Hercules and the Lernaean Hydra with this 1 oz copper round from Provident Metals.” https://www.providentmetals.com/1-oz-copper-lernaean-hydra-the-12-labors-of-hercules.html Helen Hwang: I looked for the answer to this question: How many heads did the Hydra originally have? It is nine, which accords with its icons to be shared shortly. Helen Hwang: Check out Nine-fold or Nine-Headed Phoenix. Not all iconographies of pre-modern China vilify the nine symbolism, which indicates the influence/presence/revival of Magoism. This image is much reminiscent of the blue crane with nine feathers, a Magoist symbol that we have seen in Mago Stronghold, Mt. Jiri during Mago Pilgrimage (to be discussed in another space). “This Qing-dynasty (1644-1911) print shows the nine-headed phoenix, a being from Chinese mythology with a bird’s body and nine heads with human faces. It is one of several hybrid creatures mentioned in the Classic of Mountains and Seas (Shanhai jing), where it is […]

(Slideshow) Beltaine Goddess by Glenys Livingstone, Ph.D.

Tara, Hallie Iglehart Austen, p.122 On November 7th at 22:56 UTC EarthGaia crosses the midpoint in Her orbit between Equinox and Solstice. In the Southern Hemisphere it is the Season of Beltaine – a maturing of the Light, post-Spring Equinox. Beltaine and all of the light part of the cycle, is particularly associated with the Young One/Virgin aspect of Goddess, even as She comes into relationship with Other: She remains Her own agent. Beltaine may be understood as the quintessential annual celebration of Light as it continues to wax towards fullness. It is understood to be the beginning of Summer. Here is some Poetry of the Season: Earth tilts us further towards Mother Sun, the Source of Her pleasure, life and ecstasy You are invited to celebrate BELTAINE the time when sweet Desire For Life is met – when the fruiting begins: the Promise of early Spring exalts in Passion. This is the celebration of Holy Lust, Allurement, Aphrodite … Who holds all things in form, Who unites the cosmos, Who brings forth all things, Who is the Essence of the Dance of Life. Glenys Livingstone, 2005 The choice of images for the Season is arbitrary; there are so many more that may express this quality of Hers. And also for consideration, is the fact that most ancient images of Goddess are multivalent – She was/is One: that is, all Her aspects are not separate from each other. These selected images tell a story of certain qualities that may be contemplated at the Seasonal Moment of Beltaine. As you receive the images, remember that image communicates the unspeakable – that which can only be known in body – below rational mind. So you may open yourself to a transmission of Her, that will be particular to you. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SKGRoVjQQHY Aphrodite 300 B.C.E. (Hallie Iglehart Austen, The Heart of the Goddess). This Greek Goddess is commonly associated with sexuality in a trivial kind of way, but She was said to be older than Time (Barbara Walker p.44). Aphrodite as humans once knew Her, was no mere sex goddess: Aphrodite was once a Virgin-Mother-Crone trinity – the Creative Force itself. The Love that She embodied was a Love deep down in things, an allurement intrinsic to the nature of the Universe. Praised by the Orphics thus: For all things are from You Who unites the cosmos. You will the three-fold fates You bring forth all things Whatever is in the heavens And in the much fruitful earth And in the deep sea. Vajravarahi 1600C.E. Tibetan Tantric Buddhism (Hallie Iglehart Austen, The Heart of the Goddess). A Dakini dancing with life energy – a unity of power, beauty, compassion and eroticism. Praised as Mistress of love and of knowledge at the same time. Tara Contemporary – Green Gulch California ,Tibetan Buddhist. (Hallie Iglehart Austen, The Heart of the Goddess). “Her eroticism is an important part of her bodhisattvahood: the sweetpea represents the yoni, and she is surrounded by the sensual abundance of Nature. One of Tara’s human incarnations was as the Tibetan mystic Yeshe Tsogyal, “who helped many people to enlightenment through sacred sexual union with her”. – Ishtar 1000 B.C.E. Babylon (Hallie Iglehart Austen, The Heart of the Goddess). Associated with passionate sexuality (and with Roman Goddess Venus) – which was not perceived as separate from integrity and intelligence … praised for Her beauty and brains! Her lips are sweet, Life is in Her mouth. When She appears, we are filled with rejoicing. She is glorious beneath Her robes. Her body is complete beauty. Her eyes are total brilliance. Who could be equal to Her greatness, for Her decrees are strong, exalted, perfect. MESOPOTAMIAN TEXT 1600 B.C.E. Artemis 4th Cent.B.C.E. Greece. (Hallie Iglehart Austen, The Heart of the Goddess) – classic “Virgin” image – wild and free, “Lady of the Beasts”, Goddess of untamed nature. As such, in the patriarchal stories She is often associated with harshness, orgiastic rituals but we may re-story “wildness” in our times as something “innocent” – in direct relationship with the Mother. She is a hunter/archer, protector, midwife, nurturing the new and pure essence (the “wild”) – in earlier times these things were not contradictory. The hunter had an intimate relationship with the hunted. Visvatara and Vajrasattva 1800C.E. Tibetan Goddess and God in Union: it could be any Lover and Beloved, of same sex. Image from Mann and Lyle, “Sacred Sexuality” p.74. Sacred Couple –Mesopotamia 2000-1600 BCE “Lovers Embracing on Bed”, Inanna Queen of Heaven and Earth, Diane Wolkstein and Samuael Noah Kramer. Represents the sacred marriage mythic cycle – late 3rd and into 4th millennium B.C.E. (See Starhawk, Truth or Dare). This period is the time of Enheduanna – great poet and priestess of Inanna. Xochiquetzal 8th century C.E. Mayan (Hallie Iglehart Austen, The Heart of the Goddess). Her name means “precious flower” – She is Goddess of pleasure, sexuality beauty and flowers. Sometimes represented by a butterfly who sips the nectar of the flower. “In ancient rituals honouring her, young people made a bower of roses, and, dressed as hummingbirds and butterflies they danced an image of the Goddess of flowers and love.” Her priestesses are depicted with ecstatic faces. (called “laughing Goddesses” !!) She and Her priestesses unashamedly celebrated joyful female sexuality – there is story of decorating pubic hairs to outshine the Goddess’ yoni. https://www.magoism.net/2013/06/meet-mago-contributor-glenys-livingstone/ REFERENCES: Iglehart Austen, Hallie. The Heart of the Goddess. Berkeley: Wingbow, 1990. Mann A.T. and Lyle, Jane. Sacred Sexuality. ELEMENT BOOKS LTD, 1995. Starhawk. Truth or Dare. San Fransisco:Harper and Row, 1990. Walker, Barbara. The Woman’s Encyclopaedia of Myths and Secrets. San Francisco: Harper and Row, 1983. Wolkstein,Diane and Kramer, Samuel Noah. Inanna Queen of Heaven and Earth. NY: Harper and Rowe, 1983. The music for the slideshow is “”Coral Sea Dreaming” by Tania Rose.
(Poetry & Photo Essay) Pongal by Susan Hawthorne

I am a secularist rather than a ritualist, but I can’t help but be drawn into the celebrations that people make when they honour the passing of the seasons. Even as a child I felt the disconnect between Christmas and the hot dusty days of summer. When Christians invaded and colonised Australia they brought their holidays but did not consider changing the dates to match the seasons. I was in India recently, invited as a speaker at the Hindu Lit For Life Festival in Chennai where I had lived ten years ago. The last day of the festival was the first day of Pongal. A friend, feminist economist Devaki Jain, who had grown up in Chennai eighty years earlier invited me to join her in a car ride to see Pongal celebrations in the streets. This is a Tamil festival dating back at least a thousand years, a sun festival, welcoming the next six months of the sun’s journey, also a harvest festival. During this time many women produce beautiful drawings, known as kolam. In my book Cow I wrote a poem about kolam which I think says more than I can explain here. what she says about kolam where they are drawn and when is all important early morning is auspicious it sets the shape of the day the hard ground is cleaned points of white grain sprinkled she works quickly she knows her design for the day runs the powdered grain from point to point it is a mandala a yantra a sign so the forces of the universe align themselves with her intentions Back to Pongal. The festival goes for four days. On the first day, which is called Bhogi, people are on the streets with the fruits of harvest, piles of tumeric and stacks of sugar cane tied in bunches. My friend, Devaki, bought flowers to take back to her room in the hotel. The second day, called Thai Pongal, I was invited to a harvest lunch at the house of my friend Mangai who is a playwright, theatre director and human rights activist. The word ‘pongal’ means ‘boiling over’ or’ overflow’ and I saw this in the cooking of the sweetened rice dish into which each of the twelve people present poured some water and milk as it almost overflowed the pot. This sweet rice dish was added to the collection of other dishes on the table. I cannot tell you what they were, but the meal was delicious. After lunch everyone relaxed, someone sang, we talked and caught up on news. The third day, is called Maatu Pongal, and cattle are at the centre of celebrations on that day. I don’t know if this line up of cattle had anything to do with the day’s celebration but there they were tied up alongside a very busy main road. These were not cows and I did not see any cows with decorated horns and flowers on their heads. on that day as I have on other occasions. On the fourth day, Kaanum Pongal, things begin to wind down. One of my co-speakers at the festival said she would be visiting family members on that day. The kolams are drawn again, sugar cane is consumed and people go back to their daily lives. What I liked about being in Tamil Nadu during the Pongal festival is that it felt absolutely right. The time of the year, the connection with harvest, so I did not feel the discomfort I so often feel in the midst of the out-of-season commercialised holidays as they are celebrated in Australia. Susan Hawthorne’s book Cow is available worldwide from distributors in USA, Canada, UK, from all the usual online retailers or from Spinifex Press. http://www.spinifexpress.com.au/Bookstore/book/id=215/ © Susan Hawthorne, 2019 (Meet Mago Contributor) Susan Hawthorne.
(Video) A Beltaine Ceremony by Glenys Livingstone Ph.D.

Beltaine/High Spring: the traditional dates are Southern Hemisphere – October 31st or 1st November Northern Hemisphere – April 30th (May Eve) or 1st May The actual astronomical date varies, and it is the meridian point or cross-quarter day between Spring Equinox and Summer Solstice, thus actually a little later in early November for S.H., and early May for N.H., respectively. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pODpbkzfrIU The purpose of the video is for ceremony and I suggest pausing the video where it suits you, to add your own processing, embellishments and/or your own drum, percussion, music, and voice wherever you please. I have made short spaces in the video where it may be paused. The script for this Beltaine ceremony is offered in Chapter 8 of my book A Poiesis of the Creative Cosmos: Celebrating Her within PaGaian Sacred Ceremony, with all acknowledgements and references there. The elements of Water, Fire, Earth and Air on the altar in this video are placed in directions that are appropriate to my region in the Southern Hemisphere, and East Coast Australia: you may place yours differently, and transliterate when I name the direction, which I only do at the beginning. The images used are a collage of footage and photos from the 2024 Beltaine ceremony at my place in Wakka Wakka country, South East Queensland Australia, and from previous Beltaine ceremonies that I facilitated over the decades in MoonCourt, Goddess ceremonial space, in Gundungurra and Darug country, Blue Mountains Australia. To enhance participation in the ceremony, you may like to have the following: the element of Water flavoured with rose water. the element of Earth in a large dinner plate and card paper large enough for handprints, along with a bowl of water for washing hands after. a small bouquet of scented flowers and/or herbs for the element of Air. a firepot for the element of Fire. This may be a clay pot of sand into which a small amount of methylated spirits will be poured and lit: it produces a soft flame that will not set off fire alarms, though care should still be taken. a larger firepot or two – either near the altar or located where suitable, for either leaping the flames, or simply passing your hand over flames. This firepot may be a larger version of the one for the element of Fire. coloured ribbons, ideally attached to a pole/tree, but it is possible to manage this rite in another creative manner. a pink ring cake, topped with rose water and honey and petals, sliced ready for serving, but whole. sweet pink wine/juice and glasses for serving. Dance Instructions: Celebrant as #1, person next on right as #2. All 1’s face right, all 2’s face left. All 1’s go in & under first, all 2’s go out & over first. The chant for the dance around the tree (a “Novapole” in the Southern Hemipshere, a “Maypole” in the Northern Hemisphere): “We are the Dance of the Earth, Moon and Sun We are the Life that’s in everyone We are the Life that loves to live We are the Love that lives to love.” (Note: This is a slight variation of the chant written and taught to me by thea Gaia. Music credits: A few clips from Coral Sea Dreaming by Tania Rose: https://www.taniarose.net A clip from Benediction Moon by Pia from her album by that name, New World Music, 1998. A clip from “Shedville 28th Nov 05” by Nick Alias, who has generously shared his music, and given permission for me to use it. Image credits: Ishtar (Middle East, 1000 BCE), Hallie Iglehart Austen, The Heart of the Goddess, p.131. Aphrodite (Europe, 300 BCE), Hallie Iglehart Austen, The Heart of the Goddess, p.133. Xochiquetzal (Mayan, 8th century CE), Hallie Iglehart Austen, The Heart of the Goddess, p.135. Inanna/Ishtar (Mesopotamia 400 B.C.E.), Adele Getty, Goddess: Mother of Living Nature, p.39. Birth of the Goddess, Erich Neumann, The Great Mother, plate 155. Milky Way photo: Akira Fujii, David Malin images. Beau Ravn’s “Goddess” and “God” artworks (2000). Sri Yantra (1500 CE.), A.T. Mann and Jane Lyle, Sacred Sexuality, p.75.
A PaGaian Wheel of the Year and Her Creativity by Glenys Livingstone Ph.D.

This essay is an excerpt from Chapter 2 of the author’s new book A Poiesis of the Creative Cosmos: Celebrating Her within PaGaian Sacred Ceremony. for larger image see: https://pagaian.org/pagaian-wheel-of-the-year/ Essentially a PaGaian Wheel of the Year celebrates Cosmogenesis – the unfolding of the Cosmos, none of which is separate from the unfolding of each unique place/region, and each unique being. This creativity of Cosmogenesis is celebrated through Earth-Sun relationship as it may be expressed and experienced within any region of our Planet. PaGaian ceremony expresses this with Triple Goddess Poetry understood to be metaphor for the creative dynamics unfolding the Cosmos. At the heart of the Earth-Sun relationship is the dance of light and dark, the waxing and waning of both these qualities, as Earth orbits around our Mother Sun. This dance, which results in the manifestation of form and its dissolution (as expressed in the seasons), happens because of Earth’s tilt in relationship with Sun: because this effects the intensity of regional receptivity to Sun’s energy over the period of the yearly orbit. This tilt was something that happened in the evolution of our planet in its earliest of days – some four and a half billion years ago,[i] and then stabilised over time: and the climatic zones were further formed when Antarctica separated from Australia and South America, giving birth to the Antarctica Circumpolar Current, changing the circulation of water around all the continents … just some thirty million years ago.[ii] Within the period since then, which also saw the advent of the earliest humans, Earth has gone through many climatic changes. It is likely that throughout those changes, the dance of light and dark in both hemispheres of the planet … one always the opposite of the other – has been fairly stable and predictable. The resultant effect on flora and fauna regionally however has varied enormously depending on many other factors of Earth’s ever-changing ecology: She is an alive Planet who continues to move and re-shape Herself. She is Herself subject to the cosmic dynamics of creativity – the forming and the dissolving and the re-emerging. The earliest of humans must have received all this, ‘observed’ it in a very participatory way: that is, not as a Western industrialized or dualistic mind would think of ‘observation’ today, but as kin with the events – identifying with their own experience of coming into being and passing away. There is evidence (as of this writing) to suggest that humans have expressed awareness of, and response to, the phenomenon of coming into being and passing away, as early as one hundred thousand years ago: ritual burial sites of that age have been found,[iii] and more recently a site of ongoing ritual activity as old as seventy thousand years has been found.[iv] The ceremonial celebration of the phenomenon of seasons probably came much later, particularly perhaps when humans began to settle down. These ceremonial celebrations of seasons apparently continued to reflect the awesomeness of existence as well as the marking of transitions of Sun back and forth across the horizon, which became an important method of telling the time for planting and harvesting and the movement of pastoral animals. It seems that the resultant effect of the dance of light and dark on regional flora and fauna, has been fairly stable in recent millennia, the period during which many current Earth-based religious practices and expression arose. In our times, that is changing again. Humans have been, and are, a major part of bringing that change about. Ever since we migrated around the planet, humans have brought change, as any creature would: but humans have gained advantage and distinguished themselves by toolmaking, and increasingly domesticating/harnessing more of Earth’s powers – fire being perhaps the first, and this also aided our migration. In recent times this harnessing/appropriating of Earth’s powers became more intense and at the same time our numbers dramatically increased: and many of us filled with hubris, acting without consciousness or care of our relational context. We are currently living in times when our planet is tangibly and visibly transforming: the seasons themselves as we have known them for millennia – as anyone’s ancestors knew them – appear to be changing in most if not all regions of our Planet. Much predictable Poetry – sacred language – for expressing the quality of the Seasonal Moments will change, as regional flora changes, as the movement of animals and birds and sea creatures changes, as economies change.[v]In Earth’s long story regional seasonal manifestation has changed before, but not so dramatically since the advent of much current Poetic expression for these transitions, as mixed as they are with layers of metaphor: that is, with layers of mythic eras, cultures and economies. We may learn and understand the traditional significance of much of the Poetry, the ceremony and symbol – the art – through which we could relate and converse with our place, as our ancestors may have done, but it will continue to evolve as all language must. In PaGaian Cosmology I have adapted the Wheel as a way of celebrating the Female Metaphor and also as a way of celebrating Cosmogenesis, the Creativity that is present really/actually in every moment, but for which the Seasonal Moments provide a pattern/Poetry over the period of a year – in time and place. The pattern that I unfold is a way in which the three different phases/characteristics interplay. In fact, the way in which they interplay seems infinite, the way they inter-relate is deeply complex. I think it is possible to find many ways to celebrate them. There is nothing concrete about the chosen story/Poetry, nor about each of the scripts presented here, just as there is nothing concrete about the Place of Being – it (She) is always relational, a Dynamic Interchange. Whilst being grounded in the “Real,” the Poetry chosen for expression is therefore at the same time, a potentially infinite expression, according to the heart and mind of the storyteller. NOTES: [i] See Appendix C, *(6), Glenys Livingstone, A Poiesis of the Creative …
Samhain: Stepping Wisely through the Open Door by Carolyn Lee Boyd

Day of the Dead altar, via Wikimedia Commons According to Celtic tradition, on Samhain (October 31 for those in the north and April 30 for those in the south) the doors between the human and spirit worlds open. Faeries, demons, and spirits of the dead pour out of the Otherworld to walk the Earth. In the past, some would try to hurry ghosts past their houses or ward off evil spirits by setting jack o’lanterns in their windows. They avoided going outside, especially past cemeteries, lest they be snatched away to the Otherworld. In ancient times, some offered sacrifices to propitiate deities. However, others have invited in the souls of friends and family who have passed away. In Brittany, according to W.Y. Evans-Wentz’s Fairy-Faith in Celtic Countries, people would provide “a feast and entertainment for them of curded-milk, hot pancakes, and cider, served on the family table covered with a fresh white tablecloth, and to supply music” which “the dead come to enjoy with their friends” (p. 218). Other cultures also have such welcoming traditions. In Korea, as so beautifully described by Helen Hye-Sook Hwang in her posts about her family’s mourning for her father (Part I and Part II), in Mexico on the Day of the Dead, and elsewhere, food and flowers are brought to cemeteries to honor those no longer in the realm of the living. Many of us live in a society where death is pushed out of sight and Samhain’s sacred traditions have devolved into Halloween, a commercialized children’s holiday. Still, it seems to me that the pandemic, climate catastrophes, and war have made death much more present in our everyday thoughts over the past couple of years than before, so perhaps this year’s Samhain offers us the opportunity to re-examine Celtic and other practices of the past and present to see what insights and meaning they may have for us. Jack o lanterns: By Mihaela Bodlovic, via Wikimedia Commons All these ancient practices respect the spirit world and its power. Whether you believe that the Otherworld can wreak havoc on us at Samhain or not, the realm where spirits dwell clearly has power. Its allure can take us away from focusing on mundane, daily challenges or, more positively, open our eyes to the value of relating to forces that can give richness and meaning to our lives. At the same time, we must remember that each domain has its own power. We can use our physical bodies in beneficial ways that those in the Otherworld cannot. We must respect the power of the Otherworld as well as our own. Some kinds of healing are only possible when we welcome those from the Otherworld into our lives in a healthy way, whether through holiday visits or every day through remembrance, meditation, prayer, or other means. I’m of an age when many of my beloveds are in the Otherworld and so I am beginning to find that the idea of being able to sit with someone I have lost is cause not for fear, but rather joy and comfort. Perhaps those who have longstanding wounds from the past can heal by remembering those we have lost at Samhain and forgiving them or ourselves or realizing that we are no longer bound to those who have hurt us and are now gone. Samhain can also reassure us of the truth of our intuitive sense that our beloveds who we grieve are with us still, in some way, on this night and throughout the year. When we participate in the celebration of Samhain’s opening of doors to the Otherworld, if only for a day, we are honoring our own participation into the great cycle of life, death, and rebirth. We are expanding our vision of ourselves to be more than our bodies on the Earth and experiencing ourselves as connected to many realms, seen and unseen, spirit and human. We are accepting that at some time we will also become ancestors, with all the responsibility that entails and the fulfillment of taking our place in the complex matrix of being that is our universe. When we interact with the souls of those we have lost in ways that are healthy for us, however we may choose and believe that happens, we can also better celebrate the realm of the living. Just as we may listen in various ways for positive messages from those whom we have lost, we can ensure that we are expressing important guidance to those who will come after us by who we are and how we live our lives. We can express that life is worth living, even with all its traumas, and that we respect both the boundaries and the doors between the worlds so that we may continue living fully in our physical bodies on our beautiful, awe-inspiring Earth. I hope my message to my descendants will be: Love your lives. Build on what we have done and do better. Leave behind what we left you that no longer serves. If you feel alone, remember that you have thousands of generations of mothers sending you unconditional love and also generations of women coming after you eager to pick up where you left off. According to Mary Condren in The Serpent and the Goddess, in the most ancient times, “Samhain had been primarily a harvest feast celebrating the successful growth and gathering of the fruits of the past year” (p. 36). While we in the north are coming into the season of death, those in the south are experiencing Beltane, the first moments of spring when the doors between the worlds are also open. The eternal cycle of life, death, and regeneration turns again. Whether you are celebrating Samhain or Beltane, know that this holy time offers us all a chance to enter into the task of maintaining harmony with those we have loved before and for bringing balance between life and death, winter and summer, and the realm of the living and …
(Essay) The Emergence celebrated at Spring Equinox by Glenys Livingstone Ph.D.

The Spring Equinox Moment occurs September 21-23 Southern Hemisphere, March 21-23 Northern Hemisphere. The full story of Spring Equinox is expressed in the full flower connected to the seed fresh from the earth; that is, it is a story of emergence from the dark, from a journey, perhaps long, perhaps short, through challenging places. The joy of the blossoming is rooted in the journey through the dark, and an acknowledgement of the dark’s fertile gift, as well as of great achievement in having made it, of having returned. Both Equinoxes, Spring and Autumn, celebrate this sacred balance of grief and joy, light and dark, and they are both celebrations of the mystery of the seed. The seed is essentially the deep Creativity within – that manifests in the Spring as flower, or green emerged One. the full story: the root and the flower As the new young light continues to grow at this time of Spring, it comes into balance with the dark at Spring Equinox, or ‘Eostar’ as it may be named; about to tip further into light when light will dominate the day. The trend at this Equinox is toward increasing hours of light: and thus it is about the power of being – life is stepping into it. Earth in this region is tilting further toward the Sun. Traditionally it may be storied as the joyful celebration of a Lost Beloved One, who may be represented by the Persephone story: She is a shamanic figure who is known for Her journey to the Underworld, and who at this time of Spring Equinox returns. Her Mother Demeter who has waited and longed for Her in deep grief, rejoices and so do all: warmth and growth return to the land. Persephone, the Beloved Daughter, the Seed, has navigated the darkness successfully, has enriched it with Her presence and also gained its riches. Eostar/Spring Equinox is the magic of the unexpected, yet long awaited, green emergence from under the ground, and then the flower: this emergence is especially profound as it is from a seed that has lain dormant for months or longer – much like the magic of desert blooms after long periods of drought. The name of “Eostar” comes from the Saxon Goddess Eostre/Ostara, the northern form of the Sumerian Astarte[i]. The Christian festival in the Spring, was named “Easter” as of the Middle Ages, appropriating Goddess/Earth tradition. The date of Easter, which is set for Northern Hemispheric seasons, is still based on the lunar/menstrual calendar; that is, the 1st Sunday after the first full Moon after Spring Equinox. In Australia where I am, “Easter” is celebrated in Autumn (!) by mainstream culture, so we have the spectacle of fluffy chickens, chocolate eggs and rabbits in the shops at that time. There are other names for “Eostar” in other places …the Welsh name for the Spring Equinox celebration is Eilir, meaning ‘regeneration’ or ‘spring’ – or ‘earth’[ii]. In my own PaGaian tradition, the Spring Equinox celebration is based on the Demeter and Persephone story, the version that is understand as pre-patriarchal, from Old Europe. In the oldest stories, Persephone has agency in Her descent: She descends to the underworld voluntarily as a courageous seeker of wisdom, and a compassionate receiver of the dead. She represents, and IS, the Seed of Life that never fades away. Spring Equinox is a celebration of Her return, Life’s continual return, and thus also our personal and collective emergences/returns.We may contemplate the collective emergence/returns especially in our times. I describe Persephone as a “hera”, which of old was a term for any courageous One. “Hera” was a pre-Hellenic name for the Goddess in general[iii]. “Hera” was the indigenous Queen Goddess of pre-Olympic Greece, before She was married off to Zeus. “Hero” was a term for the brave male Heracles who carried out tasks for his Goddess Hera: “The derivative form ‘heroine’ is therefore completely unnecessary”[iv]. “Hera” may be used as a term for any courageous individual: and participants in PaGaian Spring Equinox ceremony have named themselves this way. The pre-“Olympic” games of Greece were Hera’s games, held at Her Heraion/temple[v]. The winners were “heras” – gaining the status of being like Her[vi]. At the time of Spring Equinox, we may celebrate the Persephone, the Hera, the Courageous One, who steps with new wisdom, into power of being: the organic power that all beings must have, Gaian power, the power of the Cosmos. This Seasonal ceremony may be a rejoicing in how we have made it through great challenges and loss, faced our fears and our demise (in its various forms), had ‘close shaves’ – perhaps physically as well as psychicly and emotionally. It is a time to welcome back that which was lost, and step into the strength of being. Spring Equinox/Eostar is the time for enjoying the fruits of the descent, of the journey taken into the darkness: return is now certain, not tentative as it was in the Early Spring/Imbolc. Demeter, the Mother, receives the Persephones, Lost Beloved Ones, joyously. This may be understood as an individual experience, but also as a collective experience – as we emerge into a new Era as a species. Thomas Berry and Brian Swimme speak of the ending of the sixty-five million year geological Era – the Cenozoic Era – in our times, and our possible emergence into an Ecozoic Era. They describe the Ecozoic Era as a time when “the curvature of the universe, the curvature of the earth, and the curvature of the human are once more in their proper relation”[vii]. Joanna Macy speaks of the “Great Turning” of our times[viii]. Collectively we have been away from the Mother for some time and there is a lot of pain. At this time we may contemplate not only our own individual lost wanderings, but also that of the human species. We are part of a much bigger Return that is happening. The Beloved One may be understood as returning on a collective level: …

(Mago Pilgrimage 3) Seonam-sa (Seonam Temple), Suncheon, South Jeolla Korea by Helen Hye-Sook Hwang

Seonsam-sa, located in Suncheon City, South Jeolla Province, is one of many ancient Buddhist temples in Korea. It is among the seven Korean Buddhist temples designated as UNESCO World Cultural Heritage Sites this year. I visited Seonam-sa during the Mago Pilgrimage to Korea in 2014. The name, Seonsam-sa (仙巖寺 Seonam Temple), drew my attention immediately for the first two characters “seon (read sun)” and “am (read ahm)” of its title convey Magoism. It remains esoteric that Seon-am (仙巖 Precipice of Seon) is an alternative of Mago-am (Precipice of Mago) also known as Nogo-am (Precipice of Nogo). “Nogo” (老姑 Primordial Goddess) is a popular epithet, which is often interchangeably used with “Mago” in place-names and folktales. That said, the character “seon or xian (仙)” refers to Magoists rather than Daoist Immortals, a topic that requires another space to explicate. Fork traditions have preserved its Magoist meaning (Mago or Magoist) in place-names and stories. One prominent exmaple is “Mago Seonnyeo” to convey a Maogist Female Seon. Below I use it as Seon without transliteration. It is rarely recognized by the public that Seonam-sa is imbued with Magoist mytho-historical-cultural memories. This is not to say that Korean Buddhist temples are as a whole independent of Magoism. I have discussed, among others, that the main hall (Daeung-jeon) of many Korean Buddhist temples is dedicated to Goma, the Magoist shaman queen founder of Danguk (3898-2333 BCE), also known as Daeung (Great Hero), as follows: Korean Buddhism is characterized by its idiosyncratic feature of Daeung-jeon (Hall of the Great Hero), its main building, in most Buddhist temples. That Goma is enshrined in Daeung-jeon accounts for the Magoist root of Korean Buddhism.[1] Seonsam-sa has some intriguing unorthodox Buddhist characters. While its foundation is debated to be in the mid 6th century by Ado Hwasang in 592 or the second half of the 9th century by Monk Doseon (827-898), we have stories about Monk Doseon , the alleged founder. Monk Doseon, according to the story, had a revelation from the Heavenly Ruler of the Holy Mother (聖母天王) of Mt. Jiri who told him “If you establish three Amsas (Precipice Temples), Three Hans will unite and there will be no wars.” Doseon founded the three precipice temples known as Seonam (Seon Precipice), Unam (Cloud Precipice), and Yongam (Drago Precipice).[2] Three Hans (Samhan) refers to the descendants of Old Joseon (ca. 2333-232 BCE), the Magoist people of ancient Korean states including Goguryeo, Baekje, Silla, Gaya and their remnants who sought to restore the bygone rule of Magoist confederacies.[3] In short, the foundation story of Seonamsa reflects the mytho-history of Magoism. Also intriguing is the fact that Seonam-sa has Seungseon-gyo (Bridge of the Ascended Seon) and Gangseon-ru (Pavilion of the Descended Seon), which are evocative of such Magoist place-names as Mangsoen-gyo (Bridge of Anticipated Seon) and Biseon-dae (Point of Ascending Seon), to name a few. In addition, Seonam-sa is, among numerous halls and shrines, noted for Sansin-gak (Mountain Deity Pavilion) and Samseong-gak (Three Sages Pavilion), the indigenous faith practices that are incorporated in a Buddhist temple. We were enrolled in Seonam-sa’s Temple Stay. Later I detected that the monk who guided us was unenthused about our interests in indigenous elements of Seonam-sa. Out of honesty, he mentioned that Seonam-sa needed to purge itself of indigenous shrines. It was sad to hear that but I could see where he was coming from. It appeared that monks were not all in agreement with him, however. Our visit to Seonsam-sa seemed to end with a somewhat uneasy stroll with the monk. Lo and behold! As we were about to leave the temple, we ran into a female Buddhist novice who took interest in our queries. Together with her, we hurriedly payed visit to Sansin-gak and a couple of indigenous shines located in the backside of the main sectors. While on a brief leisurely stroll with our new guide, she finally led us to an unlikely place, the unseen heart of Seanam-sa by the public. She showed us the place wherein monks gather to begin Dong-angeo (Winter Retreat), an annual three-month-long winter medication practice. Inside this ordinary-looking Korean traditional house was a traditional style kitchen stove. Above the big iron cast cooking pot was hung a tablet that reads “Nammu Jowangsinwi,” which means “Take refuge in Jowang Deity who is present here.” Faith in Jowang Deity was still alive among Buddhist monks!!! Jowang-sin or Jowang Halmi, the Kitchen Goddess or the Hearth Goddess, is one of the many indigenous Goddesses of Korea. It is known today that she was enshrined in the kitchen and widely venerated by women in the past. Today, She is still worshipped in Muism (Korean Shamanism) as the deity of fire, children, and wealth of the household. (Meet Mago Contributor) Helen Hye-Sook Hwang. Notes [1] Helen Hye-Sook Hwang, “Goma, the Shaman Ruler of Old Magoist East Asia/Korea, and Her Mythology” in Goddesses in Myth, History and Culture (Lytle Creek, CA: Mago Books), 293. [2] Sanghyeon Kim, “Suncheon Seonam-sa,” in Hanguk Daebaekgwa Sajeon (Encyclopedia of Korean Culture). http://encykorea.aks.ac.kr/Contents/Item/E0028783/. August 12, 2018. [3] Helen Hye-Sook Hwang, “Mago, the Creatrix from East Asia, and the Mytho-History of Magoism” in Goddesses in Myth, History and Culture (Lytle Creek, CA: Mago Books), 29-34.
(Photo Essay 4) ‘Gaeyang Halmi, the Sea Goddess of Korea’ by Helen Hwang

Part IV: Revival of the Gurang (Nine Maidens) Gaeyang Halmi There is more to reveal. As I write this part of the photo essay, I have encountered new information, previously made available online by individuals and organizations. It is reported that the “Suseong-dang” (水聖堂, Sea Saint Shrine) was once called the “Gurang-sa” (九娘祠, Nine Maidens Shine), of which I never heard before.[i] That Suseong-dang is a fake name blew my mind! Note the difference of gender between “the Nine Maidens Shrine” and “the Sea Saint Shrine”! The female-connoted term was stolen just like that! “Gurang-sa,” a female-referenced term as the character “rang” means a maiden, had to go due to its overt female representation. It is not without grounds that I was taken aback to see its present logography, “the Sea Saint Shrine,” on the information board.[ii] I almost heard a voice warning me, “This is not the place that you think it is!” That voice attempted to force me to leave the place without further investigation. However, I intuitively took a mental note, “Something is not correct here.” And I was right! Its name change sheds a consistent light on the meddling of patriarchal distortion/deception done to the tradition of Gaeyang Halmi. Readers are reminded of the lost painting of Gaeyang Halmi, which was replaced by that of the Sea God explicated in Part 2 of this photo essay (also Part 3). Like “the Sea God,” “the Suseong-dang” constitutes no reality. It is not only a conceptual deception but also a theft of the intangible cultural heritage, righteously committed by faceless patriarchal men disappeared into the lapse of time. It is clear that systematic erasure of the Female/Goddess has been in operation. Female power embodied whether in the name of the shrine or in the iconography was stripped away. However, it is proven once again that the Female is immortal because it constitutes the root of patriarchy. People smuggled the forbidden knowledge of the Female to later generations through oral stories. Thus, we find the folklore of the Female subversive.
(Essay) A Cross-Cultural Feminist Alchemy: Studying Mago, Pan-East Asian Great Goddess, Using Mary Daly’s Radical Feminism as Springboard by Helen Hye-Sook Hwang

Mago is the Great Goddess of East Asia and in particular Korea. Reconstructing Magoism, the cultural and historical context of East Asia that venerated Mago as the supreme divine, is both the means and the end. Magoism demonstrates the derivative nature of East Asian religions such as Daoism, Buddhism, and Confucianism while redefining East Asian Shamanism to be the religious expression of Magoism. I encountered the topic of Mago during my doctoral studies. The topic of Mago fell out of nowhere at the time I was preparing for qualifying examinations. I had never heard the name, Mago. Only when I was able to collect a large amount of primary sources from Korea, China, and Japan, was I awakened to the cultural memory of Mago. I grew up craving the stories of Halmi (Grandmother/Great Mother), a common referral to Mago among Koreans. I had a childhood experience of being in the fairy land unfolded by my grandmother’s old stories. While “Mago” was unfamiliar to most Koreans, she was taken for granted in her many other names such as Samsin (the Triad Deity) and Nogo (Old Goddess) and place-names such as Nogo-san (Old Goddess Mountain) and Nogo-dang (Old Goddess Shrine). A Korean scholar, on a casual occasion, gave me a book entitled the Budoji (Epic of the Emblem City). He may have intuitively foreseen that I would make use of it sooner or later. The Budoji is an apocryphal text that describes the genesis event of Mago and her paradise called Mago-seong (Castle/Stonewalls of Mago) and an ensuing deployment of pre-patriarchal Korean history, thitherto unheard of. Upon my first reading of the Budoji, I was more confused than enlightened, but I felt drawn into and embraced by its mythic, historical and poetic language. I was already far along the path before I realized I was truly immersed within it! An ark of treasure emitting a pristine aura was laid before me, though I was too bedazzled to see within. Mago was there, shrouded in her old garments, seemingly obsolete, but a full and complete presence. I was tongue-tied a while. But I did inquire about Mago among Koreans. I learned that Mago was recognized by contemporary Koreans, marking the modern revival of Magoism. A movie entitled “Mago” was being made. A newly formed feminist musical band named itself “Mago.” A tea house named the “Mago Cafe” further enforced the reality that there was a pride and understanding of her existence. Foremost, I was surprised by the fact that a large number of Mago stories were available both online and written documents. Many stories that depict Mago as the nature-shaper of local landscapes such as mountains, rocks (including dolmens and megaliths), seas, villages, streams, stone-walls, and caves, were still told by the elders in small villages of Korea. I also found historical materials that mention Mago not only from Korea but also China and Japan. I brought up the subject of Mago to my advisors in time to propose a topic for my dissertation. This topic was barely known to anyone in academia. I was able to put together a bibliography with a considerable amount of source materials for my dissertation proposal. Secondary sources were, albeit small in number, also gathered. That marked the beginning of my study of Mago. I had another dissertation topic at that time. In fact, my thitherto prospective topic was Mary Daly’s feminist religious thought. Daly’s feminist thought had been the guiding light ever since I first read the Beyond God the Father in early 1990s. I encountered Mary Daly’s post-Christian thought when I was on the brink of Christianity. I had been a member of Maryknoll Sisters, an organization that opened up to me the possibility of cross-cultural living. Though I dedicated myself to implementing Christian ideals, all I could see was the necrophilic “foreground;” a world dictated by patriarchal institutions and ideologies. Feminist theology was self-transcending to me. I was unafraid of going beyond the boundary of Christianity and its God. Female subjectivity of which I was now conscious no longer held male subjectivity “neutral” or “objective.” My take of female subjectivity, however, needed to peel off another layer of ethnocentrism, Sino-centrism in East Asain studies and Euro-centrism in feminist studies. I began to re-orient myself to the new reality, “the Biophilic Background,” to borrow Daly’s term, by affirming myself, a Korean feminist, and all Others rendered as “inferior” by the patriarchal and/or Euro-centric self. I was a self-motivated feminist learner. I had spent four years alone in reading or rather soaking in Daly’s books after withdrawing from Christianity. I translated Daly’s first two books as well as one Eco-feminist book, Reweaving the World, edited by Diamond and Orenstein into Korean during that time. It was a time of self-birth as a woman-identified woman. I de-educated myself from patriarchal knowledge and ethics and spent time to reestablish my relationship with my mother. The process of de-education took place inwardly while I was reading feminist books, keeping my daily journals, and practicing meditations including physical activities such as walking and stretching. These were the things that I had already been doing. What was new to this period was that I chose things that I wanted to do especially with my body and senses. I practiced gukseon-do (a Korean traditional mind and body exercise, equivalent to yoga) on a regular basis and took art lessons including fine art and calligraphic painting. I took time in nature visiting mountains, parks, and Buddhist temples. I reflected upon my mindset to see if I was still feeding the conceptual habit of self-defeat imposed upon women by patriarchal religions and cultures. For example, I probed to see if I was still under the influence of the so-called “feminine virtues” of dependency, obeisance, and silence. For quite some years, I was caught in raw emotions of anger and grief. Nonetheless, I knew, even then, that those emotions were there to help me build myself as a life-affirming existence. Any practice that was necrophilic was something that I disassociated myself from and avoided. …

Category: Goddess feminist activism

(Poem & Photography): Autumn Light by Sara Wright

Like this:

(Nine Poets Speak) My Body is a Mouth that Says by Louisa Calio

Like this:

(Essay 12) Mago Halmi (Great Mother) Shapes Topographies with Her Skirt: An Introductory Discussion by Helen Hye-Sook Hwang

Like this:

(Meet Mago Contributor) Sanna Pöyhönen

Like this:

(Poem) Women, Rise Up! by Mary Saracino

Like this:

(Nine Poets Speak) The Black Madonna of Tindari by Maria Famà

Like this:

(Nine Poets Speak) There Will Always Exist Vibrations by Janet Rudolph

Like this:

(Music) Gentle Rebel ~ Songs for the Resistance by Alison Newvine

Like this:

(Nine Poets Speak) Vision Lost, Vision Restored by Harriet Ann Ellenberger

Like this:

Emergence – Miracle Birth by Sara Wright

Like this:

(Nine Poets Speak) A Woman’s Sword by Arlene Bailey

Like this:

(Art Essay) Feminism, Fiber And Cotton Riots Are In My Blood by Claire Dorey

Like this:

Lake Pergusa as the voice of the Sacred Female in the novel, The Singing of Swans by Mary Saracino

Like this:

Mago Almanac Year 9 Monthly Wheels

S/HE: IJGS V4 N1-2 2025 (B/W Paperback)

Mago Almanac Year 8 (for 2025)

Program Booklets

Share this:

Like this:

Share this:

Like this:

Share this:

Like this:

Share this:

Like this:

Share this:

Like this:

Share this:

Like this:

Share this:

Like this:

Share this:

Like this:

Share this:

Like this:

Share this:

Like this:

Share this:

Like this:

Share this:

Like this:

Share this:

Like this: